Triton Cross Pendant
Several centuries before the Emperor Augustus should decide at the beginning of the first century AD, the founding of the colony Banasa Valentia Julia [1], the site had been a Phoenician and Carthaginian strong presence. This presence was manifested in particular by a flourishing craft industry, as evidenced by the many pottery kilns have been identified. It is likely that at the beginning of the Roman occupation, Banasa was only a military camp surrounded by a moat. But soon the outlines of the city began to take shape. The streets at right angles appear, and a forum surrounded by porticoes, a church court, a temple to six cell, and half a dozen thermal baths, two private. The number of baths may also be surprising given that the population of the city should not exceed three thousand. The explanation for this apparent discrepancy probably lies in the fact that the infrastructure was also scheduled to address the influx of rural market days. Wadi Sebu, as Pliny the Elder called Subur, seems to have played an important role in urban development of the city. The absence of stone quarries in the Gharb imposed the use of barges to move the sandstone dunes of the Atlantic coast and gray limestone monoliths Zerhoun careers. Banasa was built on a site overlooking a fertile plain. Many inscriptions, and particularly military diplomas engraved on bronze, show that the first owners of land were veterans who, once their military service ended, had retired there. The Banasitaies, for most traders, had a taste for things of art. The baths and some houses are paved with mosaics in geometrical patterns, mythological and figurative (swastikas, Maltese cross, Gordian knots, braids, fish . . . ). Mosaic - we unfortunately could not save - is Eros and Psyche. A newt, surrounded by a multitude of fish is represented in the mosaic of the "spa on the frescoes. " Many headstones bear the footprints of statues: Isis, Minerva, and even private individuals. A large quantity of bronze statuettes, of goods also in bronze, toilet articles in bones, coins (bronze, silver and gold), gold jewelry (earrings, pendants , rings), necklaces made of bronze or glass beads and are very fine collection of artefacts, unearthed at Banasa, one of the largest of all North Africa. Three centuries, life is so peaceful to take Banasa. But at the end of the third century, Rome, threatened on all borders of Europe and Asia, had to withdraw its staff. It seems that when this decline, the entire population evacuated the city. It remains in effect no trace of habitat dating back to the fourth century AD. Therefore, Banasa had ceased to exist as an urban center, and slowly but inexorably homes and buildings fell into ruin. . . .
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